Utilities: Add a quotes database and 'fortunes' program

I told you, we need a quotes ~~page~~ file! :D

Userland/Utilities/fortune.cpp

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+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, Ben Wiederhake <BenWiederhake.GitHub@gmx.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+ *    list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+ *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+ *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+ * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+ * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+ * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+ * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+ * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <AK/ByteBuffer.h>
+#include <AK/JsonArray.h>
+#include <AK/JsonObject.h>
+#include <AK/JsonValue.h>
+#include <AK/Optional.h>
+#include <AK/Vector.h>
+#include <LibCore/ArgsParser.h>
+#include <LibCore/DateTime.h>
+#include <LibCore/File.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+class Quote {
+public:
+    static Optional<Quote> try_parse(const JsonValue& value)
+    {
+        if (!value.is_object())
+            return {};
+        auto entry = value.as_object();
+        Quote q;
+        if (!entry.has("quote") || !entry.has("author") || !entry.has("utc_time") || !entry.has("url"))
+            return {};
+        // From here on, trust that it's probably fine.
+        q.m_quote = entry.get("quote").as_string();
+        q.m_author = entry.get("author").as_string();
+        // It is sometimes parsed as u32, sometimes as u64, depending on how large the number is.
+        q.m_utc_time = entry.get("utc_time").to_number<u64>();
+        q.m_url = entry.get("url").as_string();
+        if (entry.has("context"))
+            q.m_context = entry.get("context").as_string();
+
+        return q;
+    }
+
+    const String& quote() const { return m_quote; }
+    const String& author() const { return m_author; }
+    const u64& utc_time() const { return m_utc_time; }
+    const String& url() const { return m_url; }
+    const Optional<String>& context() const { return m_context; }
+
+private:
+    Quote() = default;
+
+    String m_quote;
+    String m_author;
+    u64 m_utc_time;
+    String m_url;
+    Optional<String> m_context;
+};
+
+static Vector<Quote> parse_all(const JsonArray& array)
+{
+    Vector<Quote> quotes;
+    for (int i = 0; i < array.size(); ++i) {
+        Optional<Quote> q = Quote::try_parse(array[i]);
+        if (!q.has_value()) {
+            warnln("WARNING: Could not parse quote #{}!", i);
+        } else {
+            quotes.append(q.value());
+        }
+    }
+    return quotes;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv)
+{
+    if (pledge("stdio rpath", nullptr) < 0) {
+        perror("pledge");
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    const char* path = "/res/fortunes.json";
+
+    Core::ArgsParser args_parser;
+    args_parser.set_general_help("Open a fortune cookie, recieve a free quote for the day!");
+    args_parser.add_positional_argument(path, "Path to JSON file with quotes (/res/fortunes.json by default)", "path", Core::ArgsParser::Required::No);
+    args_parser.parse(argc, argv);
+
+    auto file = Core::File::construct(path);
+    if (!file->open(Core::IODevice::ReadOnly)) {
+        warnln("Couldn't open {} for reading: {}", path, file->error_string());
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    if (pledge("stdio", nullptr) < 0) {
+        perror("pledge");
+        return 1;
+    }
+    if (unveil(nullptr, nullptr) < 0) {
+        perror("unveil");
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    auto file_contents = file->read_all();
+    auto json = JsonValue::from_string(file_contents);
+    if (!json.has_value()) {
+        warnln("Couldn't parse {} as JSON", path);
+        return 1;
+    }
+    if (!json->is_array()) {
+        warnln("{} does not contain an array of quotes", path);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    const auto quotes = parse_all(json->as_array());
+    if (quotes.is_empty()) {
+        warnln("{} does not contain any valid quotes", path);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    u32 i = arc4random_uniform(quotes.size());
+    const auto& chosen_quote = quotes[i];
+    auto datetime = Core::DateTime::from_timestamp(chosen_quote.utc_time());
+
+    outln(); // Tasteful spacing
+
+    out("\033]8;;{}\033\\", chosen_quote.url());         // Begin link
+    out("\033[34m({})\033[m", datetime.to_string());     // Datetime
+    out(" \033[34;1m<{}>\033[m", chosen_quote.author()); // Author
+    out(" \033[32m{}\033[m", chosen_quote.quote());      // Quote itself
+    out("\033]8;;\033\\");                               // End link
+    outln();
+
+    if (chosen_quote.context().has_value())
+        outln("\033[38;5;242m({})\033[m", chosen_quote.context().value()); // Some context
+
+    outln(); // Tasteful spacing
+
+    return 0;
+}